What is Chemistry?

 Chemistry :-

 The knowledge that provides understanding of this world and how it works, is 

science. The branch of science which deals with the composition, structure, properties 

and reactions of matter is called chemistry. It deals with every aspect of our life.

 The development of science and technology has provided us a lot of facilities in 

daily life. Imagine the role and importance of petrochemical products, medicines and 

drugs, soap, detergents, paper, plastics, paints and pigments, insecticides, pesticides 

which all are fruit of the efforts of chemists. The development of chemical industry has 

also generated toxic wastes, contaminated water and polluted air around us. On the other 

hand, chemistry also provides knowledge and techniques to improve our health and 

environment and to explore and to conserve the natural resources.

Branches Of Chemistry :-

It is a fact that we live in the world of chemicals. We all depend upon different

living organisms which require water, oxygen or carbon dioxide for their survival.

Today chemistry has a wide scope in all aspects of life and is serving the humanity

day and night. Chemistry is divided into following main branches: physical

chemistry, organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, biochemistry, industrial chemistry,

nuclear chemistry, environmental chemistry and analytical chemistry.

Physical Chemistry:-

Physical Chemistry is defined as the branch of chemistry that deals with the

relationship between the composition and physical properties of matter along with the

changes in them. The properties such as structure of atoms or formation of molecules

behavior of gases, liquids and solids and the study of the effect of temperature or

radiation on matter are studied under this branch.

Role Of Muslim Scientist : Jabir Ibn Hayyan In the field Of Chemistry

 Role of Islamic Scientist Jabir Ibn Hayyan in the Field of Chemistry:-

Written by Wafaullah Channa Gacherai, 3rd year student Bs Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro.

Abu Musa Jabir Ibn Hayyan, one of the renowned Chemist of 7th century, was born in 721 A.D in Tusa, Iran. His contributions to the field of chemistry are countless, however, amongst those the chemical processes of various elements, new and unique techniques of dyeing of clothes and leather, preparation of steel and successful laboratory experiments are prominent and also are widely used today in various fields. Not only this, but he also authored almost 1300 books in the field of chemistry. Hence his contributions are widely acknowledged and accepted.

Coming to his contributions in the field of chemistry he explained various chemical processes such as distillation, evaporation and sublimation etc. Distillation, process involving the conversion of a liquid into evaporation that is subsequently back to liquid foran, whereas evaporation is a process by which an element or compound transits from its liquid state to gaseous state. Whereas Sublimation is a process in which solid directly converts into gaseous state without being converted into lligreid form. All these processes are used to remove the impurities from different substances.

In addition to this he also introduced some techniques such as dyeing of clothes and leather, as well as preparation of steel are also associated with this great Islamic scholar. In His inventions and discoveries in the field of chemistry are remarkable-such as her discovered Caustic soda.Not only this he was first to discover nitric acid, hydrochloric acid. However he was first to retrieve the sulphuric acid and termed it as Alzaj oil. 

Apart from his physical contributions in the field of chemistry in explaining various chemical processes in the laboratory he has also written a number of various books which are being studied and followed up in most western countries such as Canada , Venezuela , Mexico not only this his written books are being studied and followed up in USA , UK , Singapore and in so many countries.

 More than 1300 books are attributed to the name of Jabir ibn Hayyan. Including the topics diverse in nature ranging from music, magic philosophy, logic and metaphysics to chemistry, alchemy, physics medicine, astrology, geography, and astronomy, Names of his famous written books are as "Composition of Alchemy, Al Khawass al-KabAl-Mawazin, Al-Mizaj and Al-Asbagh.

 

 In the end we can say that the personality of Jabir Ibn Hayyan is an exemplary model for whole world. His contributions and services in the field of chemistry cannot be neglected.

Compound , Mixture Notes Pdf

Compound , Mixture Notes Pdf 

Surface Chemistry Notes

 Surface Chemistry Notes